Episode 9

Greenland here we come? 200 years of American territorial expansion

Published on: 26th January, 2025

In early January 2025 President Trump shocked the world by announcing that the US wanted to buy Greenland. The Danish government said it was not for sale. But this is not the first time that the USA has attempted to buy Greenland. It has made previous offers first in 1867 after it bought Alaska, then again in 1946 when it offered Denmark $100 million, and President Trump made an earlier offer in 2019. So, the idea of US buying Greenland has been around for a long time. In this episode we look at some of the reasons why Greenland is important for the US: economic and strategic. But in fact the US has been expanding territorially for over 200 years from the original 13 colonies. First in 1803 it made the Louisiana purchase from France of almost all of the Mississipi and Missiouri river basins - an area of 800,000 sq miles which effectively doubled the area of the USA. In 1819 it acquired Florida from the Spanish, then in 1845 it acquired Texas, in 1846 it took territory in the NW USA from British Canada: Oregon, Washington and Idaho, followed in 1848 by the Mexican cession which added California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and other bits: a third of the then area of Mexico. Then in 1867 another major purchase of Alaska for $7million from the Russian empire adding over 500,000 sq miles. We can subsequently add Hawaii and Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands....The USA has grown by territorial acquisition over 200 years. Viewed in this context the Greenland approach is not quite so bizarre as it may seem.

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About the Podcast

Geography Matters
Geography is everywhere
Geography Matters explores the importance of geography in shaping and influencing the world we live in: economy, society, politics and environment. Whether looking at world affairs and geopolitics, at global trade, regional inequality or the character of particular places, geography is important. History looks at when and why things happen. Geography looks at where and why. Everything takes place at particular times and in particular places. You can't escape the importance of geography whether its about conflicts over international borders, religion, the environment or the impact of climate change. Geography is everywhere. It affects who we are, our opportunities and our life chances. You can't escape geography. Follow us at https://feeds.captivate.fm/geography-matters/

About your hosts

Klaus Dodds

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Klaus Dodds is a leading expert in geopolitics and human geography, specialising in the polar regions, border issues, and global security. He is a Senior Research Fellow at RAND Europe and an Honorary Professor of Geopolitics at Royal Holloway, University of London, where he worked for 30 years. He is currently Interim Faculty Dean for Science and Technology at Middlesex University London

Klaus is the author of many books, including the co-written volume Unfrozen: The Fight for the Future of the Arctic (2025), Border Wars (2022), and the best-selling Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction. His books have been translated into many languages and reviewed in leading newspapers, magazines, and social media platforms.

Beyond the academy, he served as a specialist adviser to several UK parliamentary select committees, including the House of Lords Select Committee on the Arctic and the House of Commons Environmental Audit Committee. He has worked with NATO’s Strategic Foresight Analysis group, advising on future geopolitical trends. Dodds has also provided expert advice to the European Parliament’s Foreign Affairs Committee, amongst other international bodies and companies.

Klaus’s focus is on investigating and explaining how geopolitical and resource competition will shape the present and future. His insights have been gleaned from many years of working with commercial, military, and government stakeholders, alongside global travel which has enabled him to gain first-hand experience of this competition.

Chris Hamnett

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Chris Hamnett is Emeritus professor of geography at King's College London and a visiting professor in the Department of Urban Planning, Renmin University, Beijing. He has held visiting appointments at UBC, Vancouver; University of Cambridge; LSE; Nuffield College Oxford; Sciences Po, Paris; George Washington University, Washington DC, Netherlands Institute of Advanced Studies; UESTC, Chengdu and RUC, Beijing.

He has authored or co-authored several books including 'Cities, Housing and Profits', 1987'; Winners and Losers: the housing market in contemporary Britain, 1998; Safe as Houses: Housing wealth and inheritance in Britain, 1991; A Shrinking world, 1995; London: Unequal city, 2003; Ethnicity, Class and Aspiration, 2011 and Gentrification: An Advanced Introduction, 2021 and over 100 papers in international journals.

He has written for the Times, the FT, the Guardian and the Independent. He is particularly interested in social and housing change in big cities. He was research director of the Nugee Committee on Leasehold flats which led to the 1987 Landlord and Tenant Act, and was a member of both City of Westminster and Ealing Housing Commissions.